{"id":417,"date":"1997-01-01T04:00:00","date_gmt":"1997-01-01T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/niemanstoryboard.org\/1997\/01\/01\/the-art-of-the-short-story\/"},"modified":"2025-02-10T20:18:55","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T20:18:55","slug":"the-art-of-the-short-story","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/niemanstoryboard.org\/1997\/01\/01\/the-art-of-the-short-story\/","title":{"rendered":"The Art of the Short Story"},"content":{"rendered":" \n
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\u201cIt wasn\u2019t by accident,\u201d wrote Hemingway, \u201cthat the Gettysburg Address was short.\u201d His 1932 letter to his editor, Maxwell Perkins, went on to lament every writer\u2019s tendency to write too long, drifting beyond the story\u2019s natural focus. He was, he admitted, as guilty as the next guy.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cMy temptation is always to write too much,\u201d he continued. \u201cI keep it under control so as not to have to cut out crap and re-write. Guys who think they are geniuses because they have never learned how to say no to a typewriter are a common phenomenon. All you have to do is to get a phony style and you can write any amount of words. \u2026 All the guys who can paint great big pictures can paint great small ones.\u201d<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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It\u2019s important that we learn to tell actual stories \u2013 that is, stories in the literary sense \u2013 in short, quick-and-dirty versions. The point, after all, is that we use improved storytelling skills to make more appealing reads. A Sunday story that runs 3,000 words helps. But short daily stories that brighten the weekday paper may be even more important. Short stories reach more people. And they reach them more often.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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Besides, good storytellers can maintain a much more consistent presence in the paper if they write short \u2013 and often. Does a writer have more impact with something that appears once every three months or once every three days?<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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Short stories with a real literary quality used to be a staple of American newspaper journalism. Hemingway wrote them in Kansas City and Toronto. And Hal Boyle produced compelling shorties for the AP all the way through World War II.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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AP dispatched Boyle\u2019s Shorty Plotnick story, reprinted below, on Sept. 1, 1944. It demonstrates that short stories can contain almost all the important storytelling elements. It has a protagonist \u2013 Shorty himself \u2013 and an antagonist: the Germans. It has a complication \u2013 the machine-gun nest. It\u2019s broken into exposition (the background on Shorty), rising action (the attack), a climax (Shorty\u2019s death and his ascendancy to hero status), and a denouement (the discussion of Shorty as \u201cthe best damned soldier in the division.\u201d). All that, and only 19 paragraphs \u2013 a real shorty for Shorty.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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***<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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(With American troops in France)<\/em> Shorty came a long way to die \u2013 and he came against the will of the Army he had served for 27 years.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cLeave me tell you,\u201d he used to say, \u201cI\u2019ll get those Germans.\u201d<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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That was back in the United States. Shorty had what most soldiers regard as a soft touch, a master sergeant\u2019s rating on the operations staff of an armored outfit\u2019s headquarters.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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He had the reputation of eating young \u201cshavetails\u201d for breakfast, and every man in the unit was fond of this sawed-off, gray-haired little man with the salty voice and the tough manner.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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He was a good poker player and after 27 years of selective competition with cards he had put away enough buck privates\u2019 pay so that he and his wife could afford more than C rations any time he wanted to hang up his uniform.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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But although his health was poor, Shorty had no wish to get out of the Army. He was only 5 feet 4 and he was all soldier.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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When he learned his outfit was going overseas, Shorty had to fight a personal campaign to go along. He was the oldest man in the unit, and his friends didn\u2019t think his health would stand up under the strain of field duty.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cHe had 111 things wrong with him, from varicose veins to arteriosclerosis,\u201d said Lt. Edward Sasson, Los Angeles, \u201cbut he wasn\u2019t looking for a way out.\u201d<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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Shorty was Russian and hated the Germans. He hated them in the last war, too, and won the Purple Heart and three wound stripes fighting them in France. He waved those wound stripes to clinch his point \u2013 that he had earned a chance for a return at the enemy.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cLeave me tell you,\u201d he said with a deeply serious look on his gnome-like face, \u201cI\u2019ll get those Germans.\u201d<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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Today a small group of officers who knew and loved the lionhearted little man stood around a jeep near the front lines and talked sadly of how the Germans finally got Shorty.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cWe\u2019d just taken a town,\u201d said his company commander, Captain James Kuhns, Greensburg, Pennsylvania, \u201cand Shorty and two other men heard there still was a German machine-gun nest giving us trouble in one of the buildings.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cIt wasn\u2019t the concern of the operations sergeant to knock it out, but you couldn\u2019t keep Shorty from going after those Germans. He was armed only with a pistol, but the two men with him had carbines. Shorty told them, \u2018OK, I\u2019ll go out and draw their fire, and then you boys give it to them.\u2019<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cHe edged out, but the Germans caught him with the first burst and mowed him down. He died before he knew he had located and wiped out that machine-gun nest. That was like Shorty \u2013 sticking his own neck out.\u201d<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cPoor old Shorty,\u201d one officer said. There was silence for a minute, then another officer laughed reminiscently.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cRemember the time that young lieutenant walked up to Shorty and told him to take his hands out of his pockets, and Shorty just looked at him and said, \u2018Listen, recruit \u2013 \u2018?\u201d<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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For a quarter of an hour they stood there within a few hundred yards of the front lines, telling legends of Shorty. He never knew his own age because he had no birth record.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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\u201cHe was the best damned soldier in this division, said Maj. Nathan M. Quinn, Spencer, Mass.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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Shorty would rather have had that sentence over his grave than his own name plate \u2013 Sgt. Joe L. Plotnick, Baltimore, Maryland \u2013 because when he was alive he proudly thought so, too. He knew he was \u201cthe best damned soldier\u201d in any division. He wouldn\u2019t have been Shorty if he hadn\u2019t thought so.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n

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 \u00a9 Jack Hart, 1999<\/em><\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cIt wasn\u2019t by accident,\u201d wrote Hemingway, \u201cthat the Gettysburg Address was short.\u201d His 1932 letter to his editor, Maxwell Perkins, went on to lament every writer\u2019s tendency to write too long, drifting beyond the story\u2019s natural focus. 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